REPLACING CEILING WIRING

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Anyone who has faced the replacement of wiring in an apartment building knows that the most difficult thing is to replace it in the floor slabs, where it passes to supply voltage to the ceiling lights and chandeliers. This problem does not exist for apartments where there are suspended, suspended and other types of ceilings, in their design between the stove and the decorative plane there is a space in which you can lay wiring anywhere and any way. But in the case when it is planned to paint the ceiling, paste over with wallpaper or foam tile, this procedure can cause a lot of trouble. There are three types of floor slabs. The first two are structures with internal channels - voids, where the wires of the electrical wiring pass, the only difference is that they can go along or across the plate. If you are not lucky, then you will have to face the third type, with a P-shaped one, in which there are no voids, and the wires pass under the floor of the upper neighbors, then there is only one way out - to make a suspended ceiling. In the first two cases, we begin by expanding the hole through which the wire enters the chandelier. We do this with a puncher, with which we first drill holes with a drill, and then with a nozzle - with a chisel, we destroy the jumpers.

Now you need to determine the direction of the channel, since it can be non-perpendicular to the walls. To do this, drill control holes in the plate.

Having determined it, we find the place where the wire exits, it can be in the same room, or maybe in the next, but always next to the junction box, which should be looked for under the old stucco and wallpaper.

In a place where wires from different rooms and different lines converge, you need to find the right one. To do this, we de-energize the apartment, disconnect all twists or couplings and find the desired one with a sound. Then, as at the beginning of the work, we expand the hole in the plate and try to pull the wire from different ends in turn. With a certain amount of luck, he may immediately have slack, but you should not pull him out right away for joy. It is necessary to connect its end to the end of a new wire and carefully stretch this twist through the channel.
If it was not possible to immediately pull it out, you can increase the force with a tool, for example, pliers, sharply pulling the wire from one and the other end, but in this case you can overdo it, the old aluminum wires are quite fragile and you can just cut them off, then the further process is complicated. Therefore, you should not rush, you must firmly connect the end of the old wiring with a piece of any wire on both sides and try to pull it out without sudden jerks. The channels in the slabs are quite large in diameter, but can be clogged with construction debris or mortar that has got into them, so it is not always possible to pull out. If this happens, go to the next step, try to extend the guide probe. The material for it should be sufficiently rigid, but flexible. When faced with an obstacle, the soft one will bend, while the hard one will find it difficult to give the desired direction. The best option is a cable in the shell for cleaning the sewer, it is quite flexible to change the direction of movement in the channel and will not doubt when meeting an obstacle. We introduce the end of the cable into one of the two holes and giving it the desired direction, we move forward.

When jamming, we do reciprocal - translational movements with simultaneous twist. If the channel is not clogged tightly with a solution, then everything will turn out. Then we firmly attach a new wire to the cable, making the streamlined twist, without protruding corners, and stretch it through the channel.

If it happens that the void is not passable, you can use the neighboring one, finding it by trial drilling of the floor panel at a distance of 15 - 20 cm from the old hole. But this is acceptable when the slab is hollow and has several voids, but if it is monolithic with one special channel for wiring, then this option will not work and it remains only to maintain an external line that is not welcomed by SNiP or make a suspended ceiling.

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